CD29, also known as integrin beta-1 （ITGB1）, is a crucial cell surface receptor involved in cell adhesion, migration, and signaling. It is a member of the integrin family and is encoded by the ITGB1 gene, located on human chromosome 10p11.2. CD29 forms complexes with various integrin alpha subunits to interact with extracellular matrix （ECM） proteins such as collagen, laminin, and fibronectin. This protein plays a significant role in cellular processes including “inside-out" and “outside-in" signaling pathways, which are essential for cell survival and metastasis. Additionally, CD29 is highly expressed in various cell types and is implicated in multiple diseases, including cancer progression and immune regulation.